The role of religion in society can be studied as part of philosophical, sociological and psychological academic disciplines. Students with an interest in learning about various world religions, training for a religious vocation or simply seeking elective humanities or liberal arts credits may benefit from online religion courses.
Selasa, 29 Mei 2012
Online Public Administration Degree Program Overviews
A public administration degree has become a starting point for people who want to lead - or at least influence - the institutions that formulate and implement public policy. Online programs in public administration are available at the bachelor's degree and master's degree levels, with the latter being preferred by employers.
Overview of an Online Bachelor's Degree in Public Administration
An online bachelor's degree program in public administration introduces fundamental concepts in the organization and management of public institutions, with the aim of helping graduates better execute their missions. Students learn to analyze and think critically about policy decisions and the effects they have on local communities, regions and the nation. They also practice collaboration and consensus-building in the policy planning process. A high school diploma or GED is required for admission to a public administration bachelor's degree program. Some programs may also require at least three years of post-high school full time work experience.Program Information and Requirements
Students may complete an online bachelor's degree in public administration entirely online or as a mix of online and traditional classroom instruction. All course content is accessible through a school's website on a 24-hour basis. Lessons and assignments have fixed deadlines. Interactions between the instructor and students take place through message boards, e-mail and phone. A bachelor's degree is typically earned in four years.A personal computer, Internet access, word processing, spreadsheet and presentation software are required for participation in an online programs. Schools may use Blackboard or their own proprietary systems to manage content.
List of Common Bachelor's Degree Public Administration Courses
Bachelor's degree programs include a liberal arts component consisting of courses in the arts, humanities and the sciences. Some programs may waive this requirement if a student has earned an associate's degree.Applied Statistics Course
This course introduces students to the use of statistics and statistical analysis in policy making. Course content reviews mathematical functions and computer technology.Public Finance Administration Course
Students learn fundamentals of the budget planning process and fiscal accountability, particularly in mid-sized and large organizations. Other topics covered include grants, financial management and alternative revenue sources.Personnel Management Course
This course examines the process of hiring, deploying and maximizing the productivity of workers. Training, organizational systems, worker empowerment and labor-management relations are among the topics covered in the course.Career Information for Bachelor's Degree Public Administration Graduates
Because public administration is such a broad category, an online bachelor's degree in public administration is not associated with a particular type of job. Graduates are most likely to find entry-level administrative support positions in government, non-profit and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (www.bls.gov) projects that over the years 2008-2018, administrative support positions will grow 4.4% at the local and state level, decline 3.9% at the federal level and grow 11.3% among non-profits and NGOs. As of 2008 the median salary of administrative support personnel at the local and state level was $49,414 and at the federal level was $49,544.Continuing Education Information
Leadership positions in government and non-profit organizations require a master's degree. Master's degree programs in public administration are available online and from more schools than offer bachelor's degrees.Overview of an Online Master's Degree in Public Administration
An online master's degree program in public administration provides a systemic, in-depth examination of the roles performed by managers and executives in government and non-profit organizations. Course content is interdisciplinary, adapting concepts from such diverse fields as anthropology, economics, law, political science and sociology. The relationship between civil servants and elected legislators, budgeting and finance, policy research and professional ethics are considered in context with the policy planning process. Applicants to a master's degree program need to have earned a bachelor's degree preferably in the social sciences and maintained a 3.0 grade point average or better.Program Information and Requirements
Courses in an online master's degree program in public administration may be offered exclusively online or as an online-classroom hybrid. Readings, lectures, assignments and tests are handled through a school's website, as are all student-teacher and student-to-student interactions. Students need a personal computer, Internet access and productivity software to participate in an online program. A master's degree is typically earned in two years.List of Common Master's Degree Public Administration Courses
Master's degree programs generally consist of 5-10 core courses and a list of electives. Electives in a public administration program may touch on such diverse topics as environmental policy, criminal justice or fundraising.Administrative Theory Course
This course examines historical and contemporary theories of organization and reviews instance of their real-world application. Students learn to analyze whether an organization is functioning effectively and propose improvements.Administrative Law Course
Students in this course review constitutional law bearing on the scope of governmental powers. Course work considers government at the local, state and federal levels.Non-profit Leadership Course
This course explores the particular staffing, administration and management needs of non-profit organizations. Program development, membership, volunteer relations and resource allocation are among the topics considered.Career Information for Master's Degree Public Administration Graduates
Graduates of an online master's degree program in public administration are prepared for managerial or executive level positions in local, state and federal government agencies, non-profit organizations and non-governmental organizations. A degree may be particularly helpful to employees of government agencies or NGOs seeking to become city managers, operations directors or policy analysts. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (www.bls.gov), employment of city managers is projected to grow eight percent and employment of policy analysts is projected to grow 21% from 2008-2018. As of 2008, the median salary of city managers was $94,992 and the median salary of policy analysts was $68,570.Continuing Education Information
A doctorate is the final step for master's degree holders interested in teaching postsecondary students or conducting academic research into public administration. Doctoral degrees in public administration are available online.Online Recreation Studies Certificate and Degree Program Overviews
An online recreation studies program can be difficult to find, depending on what degree or certificate is sought; however, there are options available. Often, these programs are referred to as parks and recreation programs or parks, tourism and sport programs. Graduates can find work at various levels in parks, camps, resorts and other facilities.
Online Certificate in Parks and Recreation Management Program Overview
An online certificate program in parks and recreation management gives students a foundation in the skills required to coordinate recreational programs for various groups. This program is usually geared toward those who have graduated from high school and either have experience working in parks and recreation or would like to begin their career.Program Information and Requirements
This 16- to 18-credit program can be completed almost entirely online. Students fulfill the few in-person requirements through appropriate venues, like state or local parks.Occasionally, students may be required to participate in real-time class discussions on their computers, but often courses are completed on the student's own time. Most discussions take place on Internet message boards, and students log into virtual classroom interfaces to submit assignments by their deadlines.
Common Courses in an Online Parks and Recreation Certificate Program
Coursework teaches students how to plan recreational programs and work in various capacities in the parks and recreation field. General education courses typically aren't required in this online certificate program.Program Planning Course
Students use computers to develop recreational programs. Methodology and technology, such as specific software programs, are discussed.Adaptive Recreation Course
Coordinating recreation services for populations with special needs is covered. Students learn how to adapt programs and settings for groups such as the elderly and handicapped.Recreation History Course
The background of parks and recreation services is discussed. This course covers the role of recreation institutions and their relationship to other organizations.Career Information for Graduates
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) predicted that there would be many opportunities for entry-level and seasonal recreation workers between 2008-2018, with a projected job growth of 15% in the field (www.bls.gov). The BLS reported that volunteering and gaining temporary and part-time work in parks and recreation services can help applicants secure jobs.Continuing Education Information
Those interested in managerial positions in parks and recreation organizations should earn bachelor's degrees, according to the BLS. The National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) offers online courses and certificates for those who wish to further their credentials; some of these also require candidates to hold a bachelor's degree.Online Bachelor's Degree in Parks and Recreation Program Overview
An online bachelor's degree program in recreation studies is often called a parks and recreation program. Bachelor's-level programs differ from certificate programs in that they include more coursework focused on leadership in the recreation field. Graduates typically receive a Bachelor of Science and are prepared to manage recreation programs at parks and other facilities.Program Information and Requirements
Typically a 4-year course of study, the bachelor's degree program in parks and recreation often requires students to participate in internships and enroll in hands-on courses that can be completed near their home. Depending on their location, online students may not be able to complete all of the courses required for the degree through distance learning.Schools offering online recreation bachelor's degree programs suggest that students be able to maintain consistent study schedules and log into class websites as often as possible. Students communicate with instructors and classmates via e-mail, message boards and chat platforms.
Common Courses in an Online Parks and Recreation Bachelor's Degree Program
Students gain skills that prepare them to lead recreation experiences at different sites and for different groups of people. General education courses - such as the natural sciences, humanities and math - are usually required in a bachelor's-level program.Comprehensive Programming Course
Students learn how to create recreation programs of various sizes that provide universal access and enjoyable experiences. Computer use is covered.Leadership Course
This course examines organization and management philosophies. Students gain communication and motivational skills for the parks and recreation industry.Ecotourism Course
Students learn to create and promote programs that incorporate an understanding of environmental issues and local cultures. The history of ecotourism and its economic impact are discussed.Career Information for Graduates
PayScale.com reported that parks and recreation directors who held a Bachelor of Science related to recreation studies earned between $47,166 and $109,875 in 2010, though the median salary was $51,296. More than half of these jobs were filled by people who had more than ten years of experience, according to the site. The BLS reported in 2009 that those seeking employment in the recreation industry would encounter a high level of competition.Continuing Education Information
The NRPA offers certification in specialized and technical areas, including aquatic facility operations and playground safety inspection. It also confers the Certified Park and Recreation Professional (CPRP) designation. All of these certifications require that candidates hold a bachelor's degree and successfully pass an exam. The BLS indicates that work experience is a vital aspect of career advancement in the recreation field, though a bachelor's degree or higher is an asset (www.bls.gov).Online Master's Degree in Recreation, Sport and Tourism Program Overview
Recreation professionals who wish to earn a master's degree online can enroll in recreation, sport and tourism programs. Upon completion of the program, graduates are awarded a Master of Science and are qualified to hold high-level management positions in parks, hotels and other leisure institutions. Prerequisites include a minimum GPA in undergraduate coursework, job experience and sufficient GRE scores.Program Information and Requirements
Students in an online master's degree program in recreation, sport and tourism can often complete their degree in two years or less. The program can be completed entirely online. Though deadlines must be adhered to, students complete assignments, view lectures and contribute to class discussions on their own time. Occasionally, students might be required to log into class meetings and other real-time situations.Typically, students must have access to programs like the Microsoft Office Suite and other software that can often be downloaded at no cost, including Adobe Reader and QuickTime. Web cameras, DVD players and video cards are some hardware requirements.
Common Courses in an Online Recreation, Sport and Tourism Master's Degree Program
The curriculum in a recreation, sport and tourism master's degree program covers in-depth theories of the recreation industry and practical methods for developing and guiding programs. Research and a thesis are often required toward the end of the program.Recreation Management Course
Management procedures and styles are discussed. Students learn about the structure and capacity for change in large recreation organizations, such as tourism companies or park systems.Marketing Course
Students gain an understanding of how to attract and keep clients in the recreation industry. The course teaches students to create relationships with customers.Facilities Management Course
Facility planning from the beginning stages through the maintenance stages is discussed. Students learn about business models and methods pertinent to recreation, sports attractions and tourism.Career Information for Graduates
According to the BLS, some administration positions in the recreation field require applicants to have a master's degree. The BLS also stated that job-seekers with graduate degrees in recreation would have the most success in securing high-level jobs in parks and recreation (www.bls.gov). PayScale.com reported in July of 2010 that parks and recreation directors earned from $40,600 to $71,107, and executive directors of non-profit parks and recreation organizations earned an average of $53,335.Continuing Education Information
Parks and recreation professionals with master's degrees can pursue a Ph.D. in parks, recreation and tourism. Programs involve research and prepare graduates to teach in college-level parks and recreation education programs. Ph.D. programs in parks and recreation are most often offered on campus rather than online.Online Political Science Colleges: How to Choose
Students who are considering online political science schools must decide which to attend based on several key factors. Political science degrees may have different focuses, depending on the particular college and program, some of which are more suitable for certain career paths. Working professionals may also have difficulty with programs that require students to attend class at a particular time.
How to Decide on an Online Political Science Program
Career Focus and Degree Purpose
A political science degree can lead graduates in many different directions. Some wish to go into public service. Others want to study law. Some are simply looking for an intermediate step on the way to a higher degree. Different institutions design political science degrees to fit these and other objectives. Prospective students who wish to study political science should choose an online degree based on what their future plans are.Flexibility and Time Constraints
Some online political science degree programs are designed with a more traditional student audience in mind and have a stricter class schedule that requires students to meet at a certain time every day or periodically throughout the week to take part in seminar classes. Other institutions' programs are created for working professionals who may not be able to meet at any particular time. Instead, they offer lectures and seminars by video format and allow students to discuss them asynchronously via class forums or message boards. Students should ensure before they enroll in a program that it meets their needs, both in terms of flexibility and in terms of total time requirements.Online Degree Options for Political Science
Bachelor of Science in Political Science
A bachelor's degree program in political science includes study in a wide variety of general subjects such as constitutional law, economics, statistics and sociology as well as more subject-focused courses such as American government, politics in history, policy and implementation and international relations. Students take classes that may include video recorded lectures, online message board discussion groups and real-time tutoring sessions with teachers via instant messenger, audio chat or video conferencing via webcams. Most programs take 3-4 years to complete.Master of Science in Political Science
A master's program in political science may cover a range of topics, such as American history and politics, political theory, global politics, systems of government, policy implementation and political advocacy. Students normally use Internet-based education software that combines e-mail, forums and instant messenger communication with real-time grading and online testing capabilities. They may be required to write a substantial thesis. Programs can generally be completed within two years.Online Ministry Schools and Colleges: How to Choose
Choosing an online ministry school will depend on the award level desired and the online format. Some distance ministry programs are offered fully online, while others may require some on-campus attendance.
How to Select an Online Ministry School
Award Level
One of the first things for students to consider when selecting an online ministry school is their desired degree level. Students can earn a certificate, an associate degree, a bachelor's degree, a master's degree or a doctorate in ministry online.Program Type
Another consideration for choosing an online ministry school is the on-campus attendance requirements. Some programs are delivered completely online, allowing students to log in for lectures and assignments whenever it's convenient. Other programs combine online courses with on-campus sessions, which may require up to four weeks of attendance at the school or an off-site location.List of Online Ministry Programs
Online Certificate in Ministry
Online certificates in ministry require between 12 to 30 hours of study. Course topics focus on the Bible, theological ministries and religious studies. Most schools allow students to customize their own coursework from any of the available online courses.Online Associate of Arts in Church Ministry
An online associate degree in ministry consists of general education requirements in English, math, science and history. Students are also required to complete core courses in the Bible and ministry studies. Course topics may include nonprofit administration and accounting, ministry management and leadership, evangelism and group counseling.Online Bachelor of Arts in Transformational Christian Ministries
An online bachelor's degree program in ministry usually requires about 128 hours to complete, including general education requirements. Coursework may include spiritual mentoring, discipleship ministries, Christian theology, Biblical theology, pastoral care, congregational leadership and ministry practices.Online Master of Divinity
Online Master of Divinity programs can take up to six years to complete and may require an internship during the fifth and sixth years. Students study topics in early and medieval church history, Christian ethics, church reform, worship, systematic theology and the foundations of preaching.Online Doctor of Ministry
Online Doctor of Ministry degrees are offered with the option of several concentrations, including congregational growth and development, spirituality and preaching, worship and ecological ministries. Depending on the concentration, coursework may include apocalyptic theology, American Jesus, ministerial leadership in a postmodern culture, models of a future church, prophetic leadership and writing for worship.
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